Effect of leaf removal and Shoot Topping on the aromatic composition of White wines

[EN] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of canopy treatments on the aromatic composition and sensory qualities of Muscatel wines produced in the Valencia Region (Spain). The evaluation was conducted during 2008 and 2009 in an experimental field on vines in a vertical trellis system. The canopy treatments were made in the form of leaf removal and shoot topping using three different rootstocks (Couderc 3309, Paulsen 1103 and Ruggeri 140). The vine canopies of the control plants were given no treatment. Ripening was monitored by evaluating the content of soluble solids, total acidity and pH from veraison to harvest. 50 Kg grape samples were microvinificated, after which an evaluation was made of the aromatic composition and sensory attributes of the wines by gas chromatography. A sensory analysis was performed using a panel of wine expert tasters. The results of sugar accumulation in the grapes showed that leaf removal was the best canopy treatment in every plant rootstock. Lower yield was observed with both leaf removal and shoot topping. The highest concentration of aromatic compounds (acetates, alcohols, ethyl esters, fatty acids and monoterpenes) was found in wines made from the vines on Couderc 3309 rootstock who underwent to leaf removal and shoot topping. The wines from Couderc 3309 also obtained the highest scores in the sensory analysis. The wines from vines with leaf removal were the highest rated, while those from plants whose shoots had been topped were the lowest rated, regardless of the rootstock used.The authors would like to express their thanks for the financial support received for this project from the Agricultural Council of the Regional Government of The Valencian Community (Spain).Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2019). Effect of leaf removal and Shoot Topping on the aromatic composition of White wines. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. 6(11):66-77. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/158242S667761

Trends in scientific research on climate change in agriculture and forestry subject areas (2005-2014)

[EN] The term "Climate change" involves an alteration of the mean and variability of the climate properties. It implies unusual variations in the planet earth atmosphere, which causes related effect on other parts of the planet. The reduction in the land crops annual yield is derived from those alterations. The objective of this paper was to contribute to a better understanding of the scientific knowledge of climate change and its effect concerning agriculture and investigate its evolution through published papers. The items under study were obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) platform from Thomson Reuters. A bibliometric and social network analysis was performed to determine the indicators of scientific productivity, impact and collaboration between authors, institutions and countries. A subject analysis taking into account the key words assigned to papers and subject areas of journals was also carried out. A total of 1471 articles were included in the selected subject categories in WOS from 2005 until 2014. More than 50% of the papers were published in the last three years. The papers were published in 302 different journals. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the most productive institution (n = 70), followed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (n = 58) and the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, France) (n = 47). The Canadian Forest Service has the most citations (n = 1456). The most frequent keywords were CO2, adaptation, model, temperature and impact. The network of collaboration between institutions and countries involve both centres from developed and developing countries and the central position of the United States, together with other leading countries, such as China, Canada, Australia, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Twenty papers received more than 100 citations, most of them concerned with emerging risks that climate change causes on forests, the impact on the forest ecosystems, the effect on plant diseases and adaptation options.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Castelló-Cogollos, L.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2017). Trends in scientific research on climate change in agriculture and forestry subject areas (2005-2014). Journal of Cleaner Production. 147:406-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.112S40641814

Worldwide Scientific Research on Nanotechnology: A Bibliometric Analysis of Tendencies, Funding, and Challenges

This document is the unedited Author¿s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02141.[EN] The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the scientific production in global research on nanotechnology, integrating scientific production, funding of studies, collaborations between countries, and the most cited publications. The source for obtaining the research papers for our analysis was the Science Citation Index Expanded from the Web of Science. A total of 3546 documents were extracted during the period of 1997-2018. Food science & technology, chemistry (applied and analytical), spectroscopy, and agriculture appeared as the main areas where the articles were published. Most prolific and cited journals were Analytical Methods, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, and Food Chemistry. The co-word analysis showed the relationships between "nanoparticles", which is the central word, and "silver nanoparticles", "delivery systems", and "zincnanoparticles". The most productive countries were China (1089 papers), the United States (523), Iran (427), and India (359). The main cited topics deal with the biomedical applications of nanoparticles, its synthesis from plants, and its applications in food science. The results highlight an important collaboration between institutions and countries. The availability of funding for research in nanotechnology was remarkable compared to other fields. The multidisciplinarity of the nanotechnology field is one of the main features as well as one of the central findings.Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Bolaños Pizarro, M.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL.; Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2020). Worldwide Scientific Research on Nanotechnology: A Bibliometric Analysis of Tendencies, Funding, and Challenges. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 68(34):9158-9170. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02141S915891706834Ranjan, S., Dasgupta, N., & Lichtfouse, E. (Eds.). (2016). Nanoscience in Food and Agriculture 1. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39303-2National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan; NSTC: Washington, D.C., 2016; https://www.nano.gov/sites/default/files/pub_resource/2016-nni-strategic-plan.pdf (accessed June 11, 2020.Durán, N., & Marcato, P. D. (2012). Nanobiotechnology perspectives. Role of nanotechnology in the food industry: a review. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 48(6), 1127-1134. doi:10.1111/ijfs.12027Chaudhry, Q., Castle, L., & Watkins, R. (Eds.). (2010). Nanotechnologies in Food. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Series. doi:10.1039/9781847559883Duncan, T. V. (2011). Applications of nanotechnology in food packaging and food safety: Barrier materials, antimicrobials and sensors. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 363(1), 1-24. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.07.017Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Jovic, V., Sun-Waterhouse, D., Murai, K., Idriss, H., & Waterhouse, G. I. N. (2014). Effect of the TiO2 Crystallite Size, TiO2 Polymorph and Test Conditions on the Photo-Oxidation Rate of Aqueous Methylene Blue. Topics in Catalysis, 58(2-3), 85-102. doi:10.1007/s11244-014-0348-7WATERHOUSE, G. (2004). Influence of catalyst morphology on the performance of electrolytic silver catalysts for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Applied Catalysis A: General, 266(2), 257-273. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.02.015Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Sun-Waterhouse, D., Moriga, T., Idriss, H., & Waterhouse, G. I. N. (2015). Ni/TiO2: A promising low-cost photocatalytic system for solar H2 production from ethanol–water mixtures. Journal of Catalysis, 326, 43-53. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.008Allen, M. W., Zemlyanov, D. Y., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Metson, J. B., Veal, T. D., McConville, C. F., & Durbin, S. M. (2011). Polarity effects in the x-ray photoemission of ZnO and other wurtzite semiconductors. Applied Physics Letters, 98(10), 101906. doi:10.1063/1.3562308Leveneur, J., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Kennedy, J., Metson, J. B., & Mitchell, D. R. G. (2011). Nucleation and Growth of Fe Nanoparticles in SiO2: A TEM, XPS, and Fe L-Edge XANES Investigation. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115(43), 20978-20985. doi:10.1021/jp206357cWaterhouse, G. I. N., Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Jin, H., Sun-Waterhouse, D., & Cowie, B. C. C. (2015). Structural, Optical, and Catalytic Support Properties of γ-Al2O3 Inverse Opals. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 119(12), 6647-6659. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b00437Murdoch, M., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Nadeem, M. A., Metson, J. B., Keane, M. A., Howe, R. F., … Idriss, H. (2011). 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(2007). The present and future of nanotechnology in human health care. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 3(1), 20-31. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2006.11.008Celik, I., Mason, B. E., Phillips, A. B., Heben, M. J., & Apul, D. (2017). Environmental Impacts from Photovoltaic Solar Cells Made with Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(8), 4722-4732. doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b06272Xiao, H., Ai, Z., & Zhang, L. (2009). Nonaqueous Sol−Gel Synthesized Hierarchical CeO2 Nanocrystal Microspheres as Novel Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113(38), 16625-16630. doi:10.1021/jp9050269Crane, R. A., & Scott, T. B. (2012). Nanoscale zero-valent iron: Future prospects for an emerging water treatment technology. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 211-212, 112-125. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.073KOSTOFF, R., TSHITEYA, R., PFEIL, K., HUMENIK, J., & KARYPIS, G. (2005). Power source roadmaps using bibliometrics and database tomography. Energy, 30(5), 709-730. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2004.04.058Heersmink, R., van den Hoven, J., van Eck, N. J., & van den Berg, J. (2011). Bibliometric mapping of computer and information ethics. Ethics and Information Technology, 13(3), 241-249. doi:10.1007/s10676-011-9273-7Moed, H. F., De Bruin, R. E., & Van Leeuwen, T. N. (1995). New bibliometric tools for the assessment of national research performance: Database description, overview of indicators and first applications. Scientometrics, 33(3), 381-422. doi:10.1007/bf02017338Kostoff, R. N. (2002). Scientometrics, 53(1), 49-71. doi:10.1023/a:1014831920172Waltman, L. (2016). A review of the literature on citation impact indicators. Journal of Informetrics, 10(2), 365-391. doi:10.1016/j.joi.2016.02.007Aleixandre-Tudó, J. L., Castelló-Cogollos, L., Aleixandre, J. L., & Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2019). Tendencies and Challenges in Worldwide Scientific Research on Probiotics. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 12(3), 785-797. doi:10.1007/s12602-019-09591-0Rueda, G.; Gerdsri, P.; Kocaoglu, D. F. Bibliometrics and Social Network Analysis of the Nanotechnology Field. PICMET 2007 Proceedings; Portland, OR, Aug 5–9, 2007.Aleixandre-Tudó, J. L., Castelló-Cogollos, L., Aleixandre, J. L., & Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2019). Renewable energies: Worldwide trends in research, funding and international collaboration. Renewable Energy, 139, 268-278. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.079Batagelj, V., & Mrvar, A. (2002). Pajek— Analysis and Visualization of Large Networks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 477-478. doi:10.1007/3-540-45848-4_54Chiu, W.-T., & Ho, Y.-S. (2007). Bibliometric analysis of tsunami research. Scientometrics, 73(1), 3-17. doi:10.1007/s11192-005-1523-1Aleixandre-Benavent, R., Aleixandre-Tudó, J. L., Castelló-Cogollos, L., & Aleixandre, J. L. (2018). Trends in global research in deforestation. A bibliometric analysis. 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Publications and patents in nanotechnology. Scientometrics, 58(3), 507-527. doi:10.1023/b:scie.0000006877.45467.a7Schummer, J. (2004). Multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity, and patterns of research collaboration in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Scientometrics, 59(3), 425-465. doi:10.1023/b:scie.0000018542.71314.38Arora, S. K., Youtie, J., Carley, S., Porter, A. L., & Shapira, P. (2013). Measuring the development of a common scientific lexicon in nanotechnology. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 16(1). doi:10.1007/s11051-013-2194-0Munoz-Sandoval, E. (2013). Trends in nanoscience, nanotechnology, and carbon nanotubes: a bibliometric approach. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 16(1). doi:10.1007/s11051-013-2152-xRoco, M. C., Mirkin, C. A., & Hersam, M. C. (2011). Nanotechnology research directions for societal needs in 2020: summary of international study. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 13(3), 897-919. doi:10.1007/s11051-011-0275-5Pardo-Guerra, J. P. (2011). Mapping emergence across the Atlantic: Some (tentative) lessons on nanotechnology in Latin America. Technology in Society, 33(1-2), 94-108. doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2011.03.012Youtie, J., Porter, A. L., Shapira, P., & Newman, N. (2018). Lessons From 10 Years of Nanotechnology Bibliometric Analysis. Nanotechnology Environmental Health and Safety, 11-31. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813588-4.00002-6Yamashita, Y., & Okubo, Y. (2006). Patterns of scientific collaboration between Japan and France: Inter-sectoral analysis using Probabilistic Partnership Index (PPI). Scientometrics, 68(2), 303-324. doi:10.1007/s11192-006-0105-1Guan, J., & Ma, N. (2007). China’s emerging presence in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Research Policy, 36(6), 880-886. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2007.02.004Niu, F., & Qiu, J. (2013). Network structure, distribution and the growth of Chinese international research collaboration. Scientometrics, 98(2), 1221-1233. doi:10.1007/s11192-013-1170-xTang, L., Shapira, P., & Youtie, J. (2015). Is there a clubbing effect underlying Chinese research citation Increases? Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66(9), 1923-1932. doi:10.1002/asi.23302Jiang, M., Qi, Y., Liu, H., & Chen, Y. (2018). The Role of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies in Wastewater Treatment: a Bibliometric Analysis. Nanoscale Research Letters, 13(1). doi:10.1186/s11671-018-2649-4Brahic, C. China Encroaches on US Nanotech Lead; SciDev.Net: Wallingford, U.K., 2005; https://www.scidev.net/global/publishing/news/china-encroaches-on-us-nanotech-lead.html (accessed March 10, 2020).Terekhov, A. I. (2017). Bibliometric spectroscopy of Russia’s nanotechnology: 2000–2014. Scientometrics, 110(3), 1217-1242. doi:10.1007/s11192-016-2234-5Lee, S., & Bozeman, B. (2005). The Impact of Research Collaboration on Scientific Productivity. Social Studies of Science, 35(5), 673-702. doi:10.1177/0306312705052359Wang, L., Jacob, J., & Li, Z. (2018). 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Scientometrics, 82(3), 597-612. doi:10.1007/s11192-010-0174-zTakeda, Y., Mae, S., Kajikawa, Y., & Matsushima, K. (2009). Nanobiotechnology as an emerging research domain from nanotechnology: A bibliometric approach. Scientometrics, 80(1), 23-38. doi:10.1007/s11192-007-1897-

Chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers

[EN] The cider industry is becoming more prolific in many parts of the world, and with the growing demand for cider comes a growing demand for high-quality ciders from traditional cider-growing regions. The main goal of the project was to study the chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers after three month of preservation at 23¿C in the temperature controlled storage room. Sparkling is a sweet, carbonated cider formulated for the export market, while the natural is a traditional dry and acidic cider, but appealing to cider enthusiasts. Both ciders wereput into different containers, including plastic kegs, beer bottles, and plastic bottles systems. Over the course of three months, samples were taken from the ciders and subject to chemical and sensory analyses for quality control, with kegs and glass bottles retaining cider quality well. Theresults show that plastic and metal kegs seem to have preserved Natural cider better than the control standard bottles, while plastic bottles system did a worse job preserving the cider. Beer bottles did a good job in preserving the cider, as well.Plotkoski, D.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers. International journal of research studies in agricultural sciences. 2(9):21-34. https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0209004S21342

Grapevine vigour and within vineyard variability: a review

[EN] Vine vigour involves the production capacity of the vine. Production capacity encompasses shoot and leaf production, as well as grape production. It would benefit grape production systems to find the correct balance between the vegetative growth (shoot and leaf ¿production¿) and reproductive development (grape production). One could optimise vine performance by improving vine balance. Vine balance and optimal vine performance are functions of the vine¿s production capacity, including vine vigour, crop load and crop level. Different ratios exist with regard to vine vigour and crop load, namely yield: shoot weight, yield/leaf surface and shoot weight/leaf surface. These three ratios describe the growth-yield relationship and their goal is to quantify vine vigour. Many factors influence the growth-yield relationship such as climatic and soil conditions as well as vineyard management practices. The influential factors are diverse and differ on a local and global scale with regard to viticulture. Variability exists not only with regard to climate, soil conditions and cultural practices, but also in the vineyard. This is known as withinvineyard variability. Spatial variation in vine vigour can occur even if vines are of the same age, clone and uniformly managed. Therefore it could be beneficial to the grower to understand within-vineyard variability by focusing on achieving balanced vegetative growth and reproductive development for each vine within a vineyard.Steyn, J.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Grapevine vigour and within vineyard variability: a review. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. 7(2):1056-1065. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/97767S105610657

Analysis of the collaboration between the US and the EU in viticulture and Oenology

[EN] The network of scientific collaboration in viticulture and oenology between the United States and the European Union was studied for the period 1991-2010. A total of 498 articles were published collaboratively during this time. The most collaborative institutions in the US were the University of California Davis and Cornell University (New York), and the most collaborative institutions in the EU were Institut Nationale de la Recherche Agronomique (France), the Italian universities of Milan, Bologna and Udine, and the Spanish University of Barcelona. We note a considerable increase in collaboration in recent years, with the University of California Davis situated in a central position in the network.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; González-Alcaide, G.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2013). Analysis of the collaboration between the US and the EU in viticulture and Oenology. Italian Journal of Food Science. 25:1-13. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/75530S1132

Current trends in scientific research on global warming: a bilbiometric analysis

[EN] The objective of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the scientific knowledge in global warming, as well as to investigate the evolution of the research knowledge through the published papers included in Web of Science database. A bibliometric and social network analyses was performed to obtain indicators of scientific productivity, impact and collaboration between researchers, institutions and countries. A subject analysis was also carried out taking into account the key words assigned to papers and subject areas of journals. A number of 1,672 articles were analysed since 2005 until 2014. The most productive journals were Journal of Climate (n = 95) and the most frequent keyword have been climate change (n = 722). The network of collaboration between countries shows the central position of the USA. Papers on the topic are published in a vast amount of journals from several subject categories. KeywordsAleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Bolaños-Pizarro, M.; Aleixandre, JL.; Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2019). Current trends in scientific research on global warming: a bilbiometric analysis. International Journal of Global Warming. 17(2):142-169. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGW.2019.097858 DOI: 10.1504/IJGW.2019.10019213S14216917

Management of vineyard variaability: a simple and effective alternative to the precision viticulture

[EN] Each vine within a parcel has a specific growing force and depends on several factors such as type of rootstock, soil properties, water and nutritional status of the plant. The quality of grapes produced by the vines of different vigor is heterogeneous (if treated conventionally) which creates a general loss of quality of the harvest. Thus, the management of the heterogeneity of the vigor within a plot represents a particular interest in increasing the quality of the harvest and maximizing the qualitative potential of the parcel. The first year the plot is left without trimming so that each vine could express 100% of its vigor. In winter, the vine is pruned and the wood is then weighted for each plant. This weight is divided by 50 g (the weight of a stem of 1 m. 20 cm) to avoid trimming during the growing period and to have a possibility to repeat the procedure the following year. The number obtained is the load that must be left for the vine for the current year. The load is then corrected by green pruning for each vine. All plants are divided into four groups of different vigor in order to compare the quality of grapes and wine from each group. After two years of using the technique of dividing vegetative mass on a specific number of shoots per vine, it was found that the wines made of grapes from vines of four groups studied are only slightly different at the analytical and organoleptic level. The average length of stems has been brought to the same level for all the 4 groups of vigor.Sapsay, A.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Pérez, JL.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Management of vineyard variaability: a simple and effective alternative to the precision viticulture. International journal of research studies in agricultural sciences. 2(3):23-33. https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0203004S23332

Bibliometric analysis of publications by South African viticulture and oenology research centres

We analysed the production, impact factor of, and scientific collaboration involved in viticulture and oenology articles associated with South African research centres published in international journals during the period 1990¿2009. The articles under scrutiny were obtained from the Science Citation Index database, accessed via the Web of Knowledge platform. The search strategy employed specific viticulture and oenology terms and was restricted to the field `topic¿. The results showed that 406 articles were published during the review period, with the most number of publications being in the South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture (n = 34), American Journal of Enology and Viticulture (n = 16) and Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (n = 16). The articles were published by 851 authors from 236 institutions. The collaboration rate was 3.7 authors per article, having grown over the two decades examined. The most productive institutions (i.e. those receiving a greater number of citations) were Stellenbosch University (219 published articles and 2592 citations) and the Agricultural Research Council (49 published articles and 454 citations), both from South Africa. Graphical representation of co-authorship networks identified 18 groups of authors and a single network of institutions whose core is Stellenbosch University. In conclusion, we have identified a significant growth in South African viticulture and oenology research in recent years, with a high degree of internationalisation and a constant level of domestic collaboration.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; González Alcaide, G.; Ferrer Sapena, A.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL.; Du Toit, W. (2012). Bibliometric analysis of publications by South African viticulture and oenology research centres. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 108(5-6):74-84. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajs.v108i5/6.661S74841085-

Efectos de los fenómenos producidos por el cambio climático sobre la calidad de los vinos

[ES] Effects of phenomena caused by climate change on the wines quality. Climate change is an alteration of the climate that manifests by changes in the environment that also modify their characteristics. On the production side, especially in viticulture, climate change is exerting an increasing influence on the phenology of the vine also affecting grape composition. It also influences the vinification, oenological, chemical, microbiology and the organoleptic behaviour. In this work, the effects that global warming, due to the emission of greenhouse gases, is inducing in viticulture and oenology areas was analysed. The effects of temperature, carbon dioxide and solar radiation on the grapes ripening which produce an advancement harvest time with consequent changes in the composition of the grape influences the type of wine produced. Moreover, the problems generated by increased sugar and pH, along with decreased acidity are of major importance. Certain aspects concerning oak wood and its use in wine aging wine, as well as chemical changes associated with this process were also analysed.Martinez, A.; Aleixandre Tudó, JL.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Efectos de los fenómenos producidos por el cambio climático sobre la calidad de los vinos. Enoviticultura. 42:4-26. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/92945S4264